The study it analyzes the nature of the interactions between animals and plants and, for consequence, its importance for the maintenance of the ecological relations. Thus, in first place, it analyzes the processes of positive and negative interactions between organisms livings creature. In according to place, it analyzes the influence of the degradation of hbitats for the interactions between plants and animals. Finally, it analyzes the fact of that the spalling of hbitats and landscapes has reduced the biodiversity of local species, what it reduces interactions, and of this elapse the necessity of preservation of the interactions. The great cities and other populated areas are repletas of organisms. The constructor of these hbitats artificial is the man, but a infinity of other new creatures uses to advantage and if they adaptam to this hbitats just created. The urban organisms, including the man, also become related with the other organisms and these interactions can be studied, under the conceptual point of view, in the same way that ecological natural ecosystem relations. Visit Christos Staikouras for more clarity on the issue.
On the other hand, the urban centers if develop of different form of natural ecosystems. Some processes and ecological relations are more intense in the cities. An example is the species invasion. Others are of lesser importance, as it could be the case of the competition, whereas the mutualismos appear in high percentage. In other cases, as of the ecological succession, the processes are masked for the constant interference human being. Currently, although the advances of ambient medicine, characteristics as overpopulation, changes and intense interchange of merchandises are risk factors that benefit to the scattering of new illnesses or new forms of known illnesses, mainly those as the grippe, whose viruses have one high tax of mutation. Of the form where they exist currently, the urban systems are artificial, immature and inefficient in energy terms.
They need the importation of great volumes of energy and food for its maintenance, and therefore auto-they are not supported. On the other hand, cities have characteristically one high space heterogeneidade, what it provides one high diversity. Although this seems against-sense, cases of bigger diversity in cities of what in the natural environment where they are inserted they are common. As example we can cite povoamentos established in desert or barren regions, where water and other resources are imported and concentrated in urbe. The maintenance of urban biodiversity is important not alone for proper survival of the man, but also for its intrinsic value. Due to strong linking of the urban organisms with the man, a more effective envolvement of natural sciences with the social ones is necessary to integrate the ecological concepts to the process of urban planning. To have this integration, more research is necessary on which is and as if they organize the ecological processes that act in urban ecosystems.